In psychology, orientation refers to a person's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to their identity and how they view themselves in relation to others and the world around them.
There are several different types of orientation that psychologists study:
Sexual orientation: Refers to a person's emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction to individuals of a particular gender. The most commonly recognized sexual orientations are heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual.
Gender orientation: Refers to a person's sense of themselves as girl, boy, woman, man, or a gender that is non-binary or outside the traditional binary categories of man, woman, girl, and boy. The key difference with sexual orientation is attraction. Gender identity is about who a person is not who they are attracted to.
Cultural orientation: Refers to a person's affiliation with and identification with a particular culture, including their values, beliefs, and customs.
Political orientation: Refers to a person's attitudes and beliefs about political issues and their preferred political ideology.
Cognitive orientation: Refers to a person's habitual thought patterns, including their preferences for certain types of information and their approach to problem-solving.
Reality orientation: Refers to an intervention for people who have a cognitive impairment including dementia. Staff continually remined people of their names, the date, and what is happening in the present. Environmental cues include calendars, clocks, and photos.
Orientation can be influenced by a range of factors, including genetic, social, cultural, and environmental factors. Understanding a person's orientation can provide important insights into their behavior and experiences, and can help psychologists develop effective interventions to address mental health concerns and promote well-being.
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