Intelligence, Types of Intelligence

Intelligence is a broad concept sometimes called General Mental Ability and refers to the ability to learn or general learning ability.

Intelligence is the general concept and it is not equivalent to IQ. IQ is an initialism for Intelligence Quotient, which is a score on a test of intelligence.

In the United States, most IQ scores have a mean of 100.

Psychological scientists have studied intelligence for decades. In addition to the concept of general intelligence, people have other clusters of ability. These clusters of ability are sometimes called intelligences or types of intelligence.

Multiple Intelligences MI

Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner proposed a theory of multiple intelligences. He proposed eight types, which are listed below:

visual-spatial

linguistic-verbal

interpersonal

intrapersonal

logical-mathematical

musical

bodily-kinesthetic

naturalistic

He also suggested a ninth type, "existential intelligence."

Gardner's ideas have been criticized because the abilities are not really different intelligences but rather different abilities that contribute to a person's general intelligence.

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Emotional Intelligence known as EI refers to the ability to recognize, manage, and evaluate emotions. EI may be measured on tests, which yield an EQ or Emotional intelligence Quotient. Emotional intelligence involves the Self and Emotional dimensions in the SCOPES model of human functioning.

Read more about Emotional Intelligence here.

Social Intelligence known as SI refers to the ability to interact wisely and skilfully with other people especially in complex social settings. SI may be measured on tests, which yield an SQ or Social intelligence Quotient. Social intelligence involves the Self, Cognitive, and Social dimensions in the SCOPES model of human functioning.

Reference

Sutton, G. W. (2022, October 5). Intelligence, Types of Intelligence. Sutton Psychology. Retrieved from https://suttonpsychology.blogspot.com/2022/10/intelligence-and-iq.html

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