Showing posts with label depression. Show all posts
Showing posts with label depression. Show all posts

Thursday, May 6, 2021

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy often referred to as CBT is a form of psychotherapy used by many clinicians because it is supported by scientific evidence as an effective treatment for depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance use problems, marital and couple problems, and even severe mental disorders.

Researchers have focused on two immediate triggers as partially responsible for some mental health problems:

1. Distorted and erroneous thinking can lead to or worsen mental health problems.

2. Habits or learned patterns of behavior can lead to or worsen mental health problems.

CBT appears to be effective when clients learn new ways to think about and cope with their problems.

Some strategies clients learn may include:

How to calm and relax when feeling distressed

How to analyze life problems to cope more effectively

How to identify and combat dysfunctional thoughts

How to identify and change dysfunctional behavior patterns

How to use role playing to prepare for difficult situations

Resources

Aaron T. Beck was the leader in the development of CBT based on his research at the University of Pennsylvania. Early on, he focused on the negative thinking linked to depression. Read more at the beckinstitute.org

CBT has been adapted by Christian clinicians. For example, see Michelle Pearce's book on CBT for Christians with depression.

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Please check out my website   www.suttong.com

   and see my books on   AMAZON       or  GOOGLE STORE

Also, consider connecting with me on    FACEBOOK   Geoff W. Sutton    

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You can read many published articles at no charge:

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Friday, January 18, 2019

Psychology of Shame




Shame is a pervasive self-evaluative emotional state. People display shame in a slumped body posture with their heads down, avoiding eye-contact. They may express the wish to die or disappear.

Psychologists contrast shame with guilt. In contrast to the shamed self, guilt usually refers to a negative evaluation of a behavioral act. If people agree that they are guilty then, they may apologize for a specific act. In some cases, the person receives forgiveness. 


Shame involves an intense sense of self-awareness in a cultural setting of honor. An example of shame is often seen in victims of rape. Rape is an act that violates the self in an intensely intimate way. The rape-shame experience can be particularly intense in cultures where young women are expected to be virgins until they marry. In cultures of honor, shame regarding sex outside of marriage can extend to the family.

Parents can feel shame as a worsened degree of embarrassment when their children behave contrary to the rules of a culture. Likewise, children may feel shame when their parents behave in publicly unacceptable ways. 

People experience shame when they believe they are in violation of a highly valued cultural expectation. Some cultures place a high value on attractive clothes and bodies. Some cultures place a high value on certain behaviors, activities, or pursuits that are honored as ideals for men or women. For example, military service and participation in sports are highly valued in many cultures. 

Intense emotions can accompany shame including anxiety, depression, and anger. People who struggle with shame and related concerns may need psychotherapy or medical interventions to restore their ability to function adequately. Referrals can usually be obtained from physicians, clergy, and other healthcare providers.

Learn more about shame in the works of psychologist June  Price Tangney (see references).

Cite this article

Sutton, G. W. (2019, January 18). Psychology of shame. Psychology Concepts and Theories. Retrieved from https://suttonpsychology.blogspot.com/2019/01/psychology-of-shame.html


  
References to research on shame

Tangney, J.P. (2011) An interview related to a book about shame.

Tangney, J. P. (1990). Assessing individual differences in proneness to shame and guilt: Development of the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 102-111.

Tangney, J. P., Miller, R. S., Flicker, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1996). Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 1256-1269.




Geoffrey W. Sutton, PhD is Emeritus Professor of Psychology. He retired from a clinical practice and was credentialed in clinical neuropsychology and psychopharmacology. His website is  www.suttong.com

 

See Geoffrey Sutton’s books on   AMAZON       or  GOOGLE STORE

Follow on    FACEBOOK   Geoff W. Sutton    

   TWITTER  @Geoff.W.Sutton    


You can read many published articles at no charge:

  Academia   Geoff W Sutton     ResearchGate   Geoffrey W Sutton 

 

Dr. Sutton’s posts are for educational purposes only. See a licensed mental health provider for diagnoses, treatment, and consultation.